التصنيف: الصف الحادي عشر

Louis Pasteur was born in a little village in the south – east of France in 1882
He studied chemistry at the university of Paris , the capital , and then he taught chemistry in the south of France. In1867 he returned to Paris as a professor of chemistry. Pasteur died in 1895.
At that time, milk was always been a very important part of people’s diet. But a hundred years ago people didn’t have refrigerators so milk became sour after a short time and they couldn’t drink it.
Pasteur wanted to know why this happened. He discovered that microbes from the air entered the milk and turned it sour. He began his experiments and in 1862 he noticed that if he heated the milk to about 64 degrees for half an hour and then cooled it quickly to about 10 degrees , the microbes were killed. But heating the milk in this way didn’t change its taste
Or destroy the vitamins. The milk lasted longer and was still good foe people to drink. This method of killing microbes is called " pasteurization".

Mark the following sentences as true ( T ) or false ( F )

1- Pasteur was an English scientist .
2- He studied chemistry in France .
3- He died at the age of 73.
4- He studied the effect of microbes on man .
5- The method of killing microbes was named after him.

Complete the missing information in the following table.

Louis Pasteur
– year :………………
– Place :………………. Born
-…………………….. Study

Answer the following questions :

1- In which century was Pasteur born ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………
2- What does " Pasteurization " mean ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………

Reading Comprehension (15 marks)

Read the following passage , then answer the questions bellow.

It is a disturbing fact that man has never stopped polluting and destroying his environment. The reason for this are too many to count. We must largely blame using pesticides and other man-made poisonous substances as well as man’s greed for wealth and power.
Industry has grown rapidly, and it has become a common practice for factories to dispose of their water in streams, rivers and seas, causing great loss of river and marine life. Modern agricultural methods include using pesticides which effectively control insects classified as pets, but which also destroy many that are not. An increase in population has meant more construction and with it the destruction of much of the rainforests that provide shelter for wild animals.
To satisfy man’s selfish desire, the polar bear in North America, hunted by sportsmen, is under threat, whales are killed worldwide for the oil and the food they yield. These are only a few of the species that face the danger of extinction.
The problem is receiving worldwide recognition, and some action is being taken. For example, pollution in the River Thames has been greatly reduced, trading in some furs has been forbidden, ivory trade has been banned and pressure groups like" Friends of the Earth" do valuable work in this noble cause.

Answer the following questions:

A- The main idea of the above passage is about……………
a- Killing animals.
b- Man is the polluter of the environment.
c- Marine pollution.
d- Land pollution.

B- Choose the closest meaning to the underlined word as they are used in the text.

1-" Greed" means………………
a- hope b- great interest c- need d- deed
2-" Rapidly" means…………..
a- slowly b- alternatively c- quickly d- sparingly
3-"Extinction" means…………..
a- disqualification b-disappearance c- dissatisfaction d-destination

C- What do the underlined words refer to ?
1-" This" ( p. 1 ) refers to………………
2-"They" ( p.2 ) refers to………………

D- Choose a , b , c or d to answer the questions.
1- What is the main result of pollution?
a- Increasing the population.
b- Destruction of the environment.
c-Preserving wild life.
d- Killing whales.

2- Why does man kill the polar bear?
a- for its ivory b- for its flesh
c- for its fur d- for its oil

3- What do pressure groups aims at ?
a- Animals extinction b- protecting the environment
c- Breeding animals d- increasing population

Vocabulary ( 25 marks)

A- Choose a,b,c or d to complete the sentences.

1-It’s better to use human ……….instead of huge machines.
a- interest b- labour c-nature d-concern
2-The UAE ………many products from Japan.
a- imports b- manufactures c- exports d- deals
3-I’d be grateful if you could offer me an interview at your……………….
a- convenience b- neatness c- tidiness d- interest
4-She has been an ……… since she was two.
a- princess b- governess c- orphan d-expert
4-The child’s………. .. caused fire in the room.
a- indifference b-curiosity c- sympathy d- ambition
5-What a ……….. woman . She always helps the poor.
a- grateful b- miserable c- generous d- tightfisted
6-Ibn Rush’s ideas in……………… are very eminent.
a- astrology b- biology c- philosophy d-archeology
7-The internet has a great…………..on adults manners.
a- impact b- force c-contact d-use
8-Vast fertile areas have been changed into……………….land because of pollution.
a-disturbed b- cultivated c- barren d- rich
9-The new ……………Of the English – English dictionary is full of mistakes.
a-extract b- story c- vision d- version
10-A tin –opener is a useful ……………..
a- method b-machine c- device d- task
11- Do you believe that life……………..on Marc?
a- lives b-exists c-survives d- lasts
12- Farmers use chemical……………..and this make the soil rich.
a- pesticides b- fertilizers c- machineries d- seeds
13-Our school holds a monthly…………meeting for all students.
a-foundation b- competency c- assembly d- conference
14-Scientists found that some…………..are responsible for obesity.
a-embryos b- cells c- genes d-species
15-You have to………..your time to manage better.
a- schedule b-spend c-vary d- force

16- Some historians………..on Ibn Battota travels to write about history.
a-varied b-relied c- watched d- classified
17- She was ………………, she needs some rest.
a- worried b- anxious c- exhausted d-sleepy
18-Your answers should be brief and…………….
a- accurate b- examined c- clumsy d- deleted
19-The president issued a decree to…………..the HCT in 1988.
a- demonstrate b- exist c- establish d- exclude
20- I had to ………… my clothes after losing weight.
A-correct b- rely c- alter d- depend

Structures ( 25 marks)

Choose a, b, c, or d to complete the sentences
1-…………..he was angry, he listened to me patiently.
a- and b- but c- although d- despite
2- I dream of…………. A pilot.
a- be b- being c- to be d- been
3- If you want to write a story , you have to use your …………..
a- image b- imagine c- imagination d- imaginary
4- The car ………by the mechanic now.
a- is repairing b-was repaired c- is being repaired d-will be repaired .
5-He said that he…………..a mistake.
a- had made b- makes c- has made d- has been made
6- If I ………….. more careful ,I would have avoided the accident.
a- am b- were c- had been d-has been
7- Smokers are……… weak to quit the habit of smoking.
a- very b- so c- such d- too
8- His father talked to him……….
a- anger b- angry c- angrily d- angered
9- The blind ……….. Brail in reading special books nowadays.
a- uses b- use a- were using d- has used
10- We don’t have……….. thing to do during the holiday.
a- much b- many c- any d- few

11- That red car………..
a- me b- I c- mine d- my
12- Ali failed the exam . He wished he …………….. harder.
a- works b- have worked c- had worked d- work
13- The food will………….. soon.
a- deliver b- be delivered c- to deliver d- delivered
14- You shouldn’t eat……….. fat food.
a- many b- few c- some d- any
15- The boy…………works hard , will pass with distinction
a- which b- whose c- who d- where

Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions between brackets.
1- I’ve stayed for days in a luxurious hotel in Dubai.( ask a question)
-………………………………………………………………………………..
2- No, I have never been to Paris.( ask a question)
-…………………………………………………………………………………
3- Ali will send me a letter within a month.( change into passive voice)
-………………………………………………………………………………

4- If I have extra money, I will buy a new house.( change into 3’rd conditional)
-…………………………………………………………………………………
5- It has been raining for hours. ( use Since)
………………………………………………………………………………

Functional Writing ( 10 marks)

– Write a five sentences poster about POETRY.
-…………………………………………………………………………….
-…………………………………………………………………………….
-…………………………………………………………………………….
-…………………………………………………………………………….
-…………………………………………………………………………….

Composition ( 15 marks)
– Write ( 120- 150 words) about ONE of the following topics.
A- Reading is an eminent hobby.
Guide ideas: enriches minds – adds information- keeps you in touch with…….
Provides you with……. – widens options……………

B- Being a successful isn’t an easy task.
Guide ideas: schedule your time- dress well – show confidence- be enthusiastic…….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………….
Good Luck

لقراءة ردود و اجابات الأعضاء على هذا الموضوع اضغط هناسبحان الله و بحمده

الصف الحادي عشر

تقرير تسونامي tsunami للصف الحادي عشر

كاتب المقالة بواسطة zaimba zaimba
تاريخ المقالة 4 فبراير، 2022
لا توجد تعليقات على تقرير تسونامي tsunami للصف الحادي عشر

تقرير عن تسونامي

Tsunamis :
A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when they crash ashore.
These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.
Most tsunamis, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean’s “Ring of Fire,” a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.
Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even be launched, as they frequently were in Earth’s ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite plunging into an ocean.
Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour—about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.
In deep ocean, tsunami waves may appear only a foot or so high. But as they approach shoreline and enter shallower water they slow down and begin to grow in energy and height. The tops of the waves move faster than their bottoms do, which causes them to rise precipitously.
A tsunami’s trough, the low point beneath the wave’s crest, often reaches shore first. When it does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbor and sea floors. This retreating of sea water is an important warning sign of a tsunami, because the wave’s crest and its enormous volume of water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.
A tsunami is usually composed of a series of waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. People experiencing a tsunami should remember that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and should await official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.
http://environment.nationalgeographi…ural-disasters
tsunamis (killer waves)

Tsunamis :
PASADENA, Calif. – A wave of new NASA research on tsunamis has yielded an innovative method to improve existing tsunami warning systems, and a potentially groundbreaking new theory on the source of the December 2022 Indian Ocean tsunami.

In one study, published last fall in Geophysical Research Letters, researcher Y. Tony Song of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., demonstrated that real-time data from NASA’s network of global positioning system (GPS) stations can detect ground motions preceding tsunamis and reliably estimate a tsunami’s destructive potential within minutes, well before it reaches coastal areas. The method could lead to development of more reliable global tsunami warning systems, saving lives and reducing false alarms.

Conventional tsunami warning systems rely on estimates of an earthquake’s magnitude to determine whether a large tsunami will be generated. Earthquake magnitude is not always a reliable indicator of tsunami potential, however. The 2022 Indian Ocean quake generated a huge tsunami, while the 2022 Nias (Indonesia) quake did not, even though both had almost the same magnitude from initial estimates. Between 2022 and 2022, five false tsunami alarms were issued worldwide. Such alarms have negative societal and economic effects.

Song’s method estimates the energy an undersea earthquake transfers to the ocean to generate a tsunami by using data from coastal GPS stations near the epicenter. With these data, ocean floor displacements caused by the earthquake can be inferred. Tsunamis typically originate at undersea boundaries of tectonic plates near the edges of continents.

JPL is managed for NASA by the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
Media contact: Alan Buis 818-354-0474
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
Alan.buis@jpl.nasa.gov
http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/fea…-20170117.html
NASA Tsunami Research Makes Waves in Science Community

his is the California home of the Tsunami Research Center :
The TRC is actively involved with all aspects of tsunami research; inundation field surveys, numerical and analytical modeling, and hazard assessment, mitigation and planning.
The TRC has developed the tsunami inundation maps for California and the tsunami code MOST, now used by NOAA. MOST is the only validated code used in the US for tsunami hazard mapping with detailed inundation predictions. TRC faculty and students have surveyed all except one of the "modern" tsunamis since 1992, and have been working on mega-tsunami surveys for the 1946 Aleutian and 1956 Amorgos, Greece events. The TRC is a unit of the Department of Civil Engineering.
We acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the Governor’s office of Emergency Services (OES) and the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) that have made our field and modeling work possible. This site started in 1995 with the generous encouragement and support of NSF’s Dr. Cliff Astill and is dedicated to showcasing the impact of recent tsunamis.

Please use our interactive map above to learn about past tsunamis by dragging the blue square on the left map and viewing details on the right. Click on the pulsating circles on the right detail map to learn about a specific location.

http://www.usc.edu/dept/tsunamis/2017/index.php
tsunami research center

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